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This first article of a series looks at the forces that have driven desktop supercomputing, beginning with the history of PC and supercomputing processors through the 1990s into the early 2000s. ... and the T3E were arguably highly successful systems. A 1,480-processor system was the first system on the TOP500 to top 1TFLOPS(10^12FLOPS) running a scientific application. Cray did not just develop ... This first article of a series looks at the forces that have driven desktop supercomputing, beginning with the history of PC and supercomputing processors through the 1990s into the early 2000s.

of Top 500 supercomputing sites. It is possible to invoke the GPU directly to assist with generic application processing, but the data has to be parallelizable. In today’s machines, quad- and hexacore

-only. The average size of the files was 25MiB. The next two tables (Figure 9) present more information about the amount of I/O. The top table first shows the amount of time spent doing reads, writes, and metadata

2,500 GitHub Stars. New features are released quite frequently; according to the GitHub page, an update is made approximately every two weeks. The tool integrates with a wide range of existing

starts at $500 for the server and $300 for each client. Backup via SSH Amanda backs up all the systems over the network in parallel. Admins typically launch Amanda via a cron job. The data transfer uses

the manufacturer to discuss a price. The project website links to the wiki and the forum. Training is available at a price (~EUR500), or you can buy a print (~EUR45) or e-book (~EUR25) version of the Zentyal Server

and Rainbow and their encryption solutions in 2004 and 2009. SafeNet offers certificate- and PKI-based solutions and OTP authenticators. SMS Passcode, Denmark's PASSCODE A/S [5], offers one-time password